Feng Huang

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For the Avian demon who is sometimes translated as Feng Huang, see Zhuque. For the Avian demon whose name is sometimes used for Feng Huang, see Phoenix.
Feng Huang
ホウオウHou Ou
SMT1 SFCP4P5XDCBR

SFC artwork from Shin Megami Tensei

Artwork from Persona 4

Artwork from Persona 5: The Phantom X

Artwork from Devil Children Black Book and Red Book

Other Name(s) HououPersona 3 Reload

PhoenixPersona 4
Persona 4 Golden
Persona 5
Persona 5: The Phantom X
Persona 5 Tactica
Persona Q: Shadow of the Labyrinth
Digital Devil Saga: Avatar Tuner 2

RedwingDemiKids Light Version and Dark Version
Origin Chinese culture
Taoism
Confucianism
Race(s) AerialDigital Devil Saga: Avatar Tuner 2

AvianShin Megami Tensei
Shin Megami Tensei if...
Shin Megami Tensei: Nine
Shin Megami Tensei V
Shin Megami Tensei V: Vengeance
Giten Megami Tensei: Tokyo Revelation
Shin Megami Tensei: Imagine
Shin Megami Tensei: 20XX
Shin Megami Tensei: Tokyo Requiem
Majin Tensei
Majin Tensei II: Spiral Nemesis
Majin Tensei: Blind Thinker
Soul Hackers 2

GodDevil Children Black Book and Red Book
Devil Children White Book

ToriDevil Children Light Book and Dark Book
Devil Children Fire Book and Ice Book
Alignment(s) Light-LawShin Megami Tensei
Shin Megami Tensei if...
Shin Megami Tensei V
Shin Megami Tensei V: Vengeance
Giten Megami Tensei: Tokyo Revelation
Shin Megami Tensei: 20XX
Shin Megami Tensei: Tokyo Requiem
Arcana FaithPersona 5 Royal

HierophantPersona 5

StarPersona 3 Reload

SunPersona 4
Persona 4 Golden
Persona Q: Shadow of the Labyrinth
Persona Q2: New Cinema Labyrinth
Order(s) Wind

Feng Huang, also known as Phoenix in some localizations,[a] is a Demon in the Megami Tensei franchise.

Profile

Origin

Fenghuang[b] is one of the Four Holy Beasts[c] mentioned in the Book of Rites. Originally, 凤／鳳 Fèng was the male, while 凰 Huáng was the female. However, it is now seen as single word and feminine opposition to the Asian dragon, 龙／龍 Lóng, representing the unification of the 阴／陰 yin and 阳／陽 yang. It is sometimes equated with, but not the same, as Zhuque.

Within China proper, Fenghuang is most well-known for a folk tale where it saves the nation's birds during a time of hardship. It was originally an inconspicuous bird with no outstanding features, and would diligently collect food for its nest; other birds would mock it for being greed. Unexpectedly, a severe drought left the birds with no food to eat, thereby relying on the Fenghuang until rainfall returned. When it did, birds would pull out their feathers in honour of the Fenghuang, crowning it as the Ruler of all Birds.[1] This tale is commonly cited as the origin for the Chengyu 百鸟朝凤 bǎiniǎo-cháofèng, meaning "One Hundred Birds Pay Homage to the Fenghuang," which would go on to become a genre in many forms of media. However, the earliest written reference to the idiom is in Taiping Yulan, where a Fenghuang was seen flying over Haizhou, followed by one hundred birds.[2]

The Erya,[d] among its earliest mentions, gives a physical description of the Fenghuang. Here, it is said to have a chicken's head, a swallow's beak, a snake's neck, a turtle's back, a fish tail, is of five colours, and stands at around 6 尺 chi tall. It flies over Kunlun Mountain,[e] stops to drink in Dizhu Mountain,[f] washes its feathers in the Ruo river[g] where Yayu resides, and stays in Feng Cave.[h][3] In modern-day, the physical description is largely not acknowledged, instead being imaged as a phoenix of sorts. The Classic of Mountains and Seas,[i][4] elaborates on this, where it is said that each part of its body represents a word: The head is virtuous, the wing is duty, the back represents rituals and propriety, and the chest represents benevolence. Many of these words, particularly that of rituals and benevolence, would go on to play pivotal roles in Confucian tradition. Building on this, in some stories, its body is covered in characters. Fenghuang are also said to live close to Kaimingshou in this text.

The Book of Documents[j] and Records of the Grand Historian[k] describe Emperor Shun,[l] his Minister for Law Gao Yao,[m] Yu the Great,[n] and legendary musician Kui,[o] playing the Nine Movements of Xiao Shao,[p] and upon the ninth movement, a male and female Fenghuang descended upon them. Thereafter, Emperor Shun composed an ode and sung a grand song, which spread orally into folk memory.[5][6] The birth of Emperor Guangwu,[q] the founder of the Han dynasty, was also believed to have been heralded by the arrival of the Fenghuang according to Lunheng by Wang Chong.[7] Also written in Records of the Grand Historian, whilst mourning the deaths of contemporaries Dou Mingdu[r] and Shun Hua,[s] Confucius stated to his disciple Zigong[t] that if one upsets a nest with eggs, the Fenghuang will not hover nearby the area.[8]

Later Confucian writings categorise Fenghuang as part of the Four Holy Beasts, being paired with paired with Qilin, Tortoise, and Dragon. For much of the period of the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors, Huangdi had never seen one. In Shuo Yuan,[u] Huangdi thus asks Tianlao[v] what the Fenghuang is like. Here, it is described as having features matching the Classic of Mountains and Seas. However, it goes further, describing the names for its calls. Its morning call is known as Mingfa,[w] the day call Baochang,[x] the flying call Shangxiang,[y] and the roosting call Guichang.[z] It can explore all things, understand heaven, and cultivate and acquire the Dao. Furthermore, its intelligence gives it the ability to study, observe, and govern the Nine States of China, and the Eight Extremities of the world. Should Fenghuang leave, disaster reigns; should Fenghuang remain, prosperity is likely.[9]

Design

Ming dynasty illustration of Fenghuang

The design of Feng Huang mirrors common contemporary illustrations, particularly with its three tails. However, compared to the Classic of Mountains and Seas, it lacks characters on its body, and the Erya description is not used at all.

Feng Huang's design used in Persona 4 onward is a recolor of Zhuque's Shin Megami Tensei II design.

Gameplay

For complete gameplay information, see Gameplay:Feng Huang.

Compendium

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Compendium Entries
Shin Megami Tensei
(A-Mode DDS)

Origin: China
A sacred bird. The males are called Feng and the females Huang. It is a beautiful, five-colored shining bird, two meters long including the neck. In the "Book of Rites," it is one of the four benevolent animals.

Shin Megami Tensei V

The legendary bird of Chinese myth, said to appear only in times of peace.

It is the ruler of all birds. When it dies, birds across the land chirp with sadness.

Shin Megami Tensei V: Vengeance

A legendary bird in East Asia, said to appear only in times of peace. It is the ruler of all birds. When it dies, birds across the land chirp with sadness.

Shin Megami Tensei: Imagine

A legendary avian that appears in countless Chinese legends. Both male and female, it is the king of all flying creatures.

A servant of the Emperor of Heaven, it is two meters long and has a five-colored body and a five-toned voice.

It only eats bamboo seeds and only perches on paulownia trees.

In the Chinese "Classic of Rites," Feng Huang is counted as one of the Four Holy Elements and protects the South.

It is also sometimes identified among the Four Holy Beasts alongside Zhu Que, Phoenix, and Garuda.

Soul Hackers 2

The legendary bird of Chinese myth. It's said to appear only in times of peace. It is the ruler of all birds; when it dies, birds throughout the land chirp with sadness.

Devil Summoner: Raidou Kuzunoha vs. the Soulless Army

The legendary bird of Chinese myth. It's said to appear only in times of peace. It is the ruler of all birds; when it dies, birds throughout the land chirp with sadness.

Raidou Remastered: The Mystery of the Soulless Army

The legendary bird of myth said to appear only in times of peace. It is the ruler of all birds; when it dies, birds throughout the land chirp with sadness.

Devil Summoner: Raidou Kuzunoha vs. King Abaddon

The legendary bird of Chinese myth. It's said to appear only in times of peace. It is the ruler of all birds; when it dies, birds throughout the land chirp with sadness.

Persona 3 Reload

The legendary bird of myth said to appear only in times of peace. It is the ruler of all birds. When it dies, birds across the land chirp with sadness.

Persona 4

The legendary bird of Chinese myth. Said to appear only in times of peace. It is the ruler of all birds; when it dies, birds across the land chirp with sadness.

Persona 4 Golden
Persona 5

The legendary bird of Chinese myth, said to appear only in times of peace. It is the ruler of all birds. When it dies, birds across the land chirp with sadness.

Persona 5 Royal
Persona Q: Shadow of the Labyrinth

The legendary bird of Chinese myth, said to appear only in times of peace. It is the ruler of all birds. When it dies, birds across the land chirp with sadness.

Persona Q2: New Cinema Labyrinth

The legendary bird of Chinese myth, said to appear only in times of peace. It is the ruler of all birds. When it dies, birds across the land chirp with sadness.

Persona 5 Tactica

A legendary bird said to be the ruler of all birds. When it dies, birds across the land chirp with sadness.

Persona 5: The Phantom X

The legendary bird of Chinese myth, said to appear only in times of peace. It is the ruler of all birds. When it dies, birds across the land chirp with sadness.

Devil Children Black Book and Red Book GBC: ユーレイになった　ニンゲンを　とてもうつくしい　うたごえで　てんにみちびく　あかいトリ
PS: ユーレイになった　人間を　とても美しい　歌声で　天にみちびく　赤い鳥
Translation:
Devil Children White Book ユーレイになった　ニンゲンを　とてもうつくしい　うたごえで　てんにみちびく　あかいトリ
Translation:
Devil Children Light Book and Dark Book 神の言葉を美しい　声で人間に伝える　首の長い　赤い鳥　５色の羽を　持ち　体には神の文字が　かくされている
Translation:
DemiKids Light Version and Dark Version

Crimson demon with multi-colored wings. Believed to be a messenger of the unknown.

Devil Children Fire Book and Ice Book 神の言葉を美しい　声で人間に伝える　首の長い　赤い鳥　５色の羽を　持ち　体には神の文字が　かくされている
Translation:

Nomenclature

American linguist Marc Miyake proposed that Feng Huang's name may originate from Simplified Chinese: 风皇, Traditional Chinese: 風皇, romanized fēng huáng (lit. "wind sovereign").

Names in Other Languages
Language Name Meaning
English Feng HuangShin Megami Tensei
Shin Megami Tensei V
Shin Megami Tensei V: Vengeance
Soul Hackers 2
Devil Summoner: Raidou Kuzunoha vs. the Soulless Army
Devil Summoner: Raidou Kuzunoha vs. King Abaddon
HououPersona 3 Reload
PhoenixPersona 4
Persona 4 Golden
Persona 5
Persona 5 Royal
Persona 5 Tactica
Persona 5: The Phantom X
Persona Q: Shadow of the Labyrinth
Persona Q2: New Cinema Labyrinth
Digital Devil Saga: Avatar Tuner 2
RedwingDemiKids Light Version and Dark Version
Japanese ホウオウ Hōō Feng Huang; katakana reading of Japanese: 鳳凰, romanized Hōō.
鳳凰Shin Megami Tensei (Mega-CD)
Giten Megami Tensei: Tokyo Revelation
 Hōō		 Feng Huang; kanji rendering of the above.
Simplified Chinese 凤凰 Fèng Huáng Feng Huang
Traditional Chinese 鳳凰 Fèng Huáng Feng Huang
Korean 봉황鳳凰 Bonghwang Feng Huang; hangul rendering of Korean: 鳳凰, romanized Bonghwang.

Gallery

Notes

  1. ↑ Some localizations of Megami Tensei games have mistranslated Feng Huang's name as Phoenix, despite not being the same demons. This is likely because the Fenghuang is occasionally referred to as Phoenix in western translations, however it should also be noted that the Fenghuang of China and the Phoenix of Greece are not the same creature. Similarly, the demon Zhuque has also been called Feng Huang in early localizations.
  2. ↑ Simplified Chinese: 凤凰, Traditional Chinese: 鳳凰, romanized Fènghuáng
  3. ↑ Simplified Chinese: 四灵, Traditional Chinese: 四靈, romanized Sìlíng
  4. ↑ Simplified Chinese: 尔雅, Traditional Chinese: 爾雅, romanized ěryǎ
  5. ↑ Simplified Chinese: 昆伦, Traditional Chinese: 崑侖, romanized Kūnlún
  6. ↑ Simplified Chinese: 砥柱, Traditional Chinese: 砥柱, romanized Dǐzhù
  7. ↑ Simplified Chinese: 弱水, Traditional Chinese: 弱水, romanized ruò shuǐ
  8. ↑ Simplified Chinese: 风穴, Traditional Chinese: 風穴, romanized fēngxué, not to be confused with the Feng in Feng Huang.
  9. ↑ Simplified Chinese: 山海经, Traditional Chinese: 山海經, romanized Shānhǎijīng
  10. ↑ Simplified Chinese: 尚书, Traditional Chinese: 尚書, romanized Shàngshū
  11. ↑ Simplified Chinese: 史记, Traditional Chinese: 史記, romanized Shǐjì
  12. ↑ Simplified Chinese: 帝舜, Traditional Chinese: 帝舜, romanized Dìshùn
  13. ↑ Simplified Chinese: 咎繇, Traditional Chinese: 咎繇, romanized Gāo Yáo
  14. ↑ Simplified Chinese: 大/夏禹, Traditional Chinese: 大/夏禹, romanized Dà/Xià Yǔ, personal name 姒文命 Sì Wénmìng
  15. ↑ Simplified Chinese: 夔, Traditional Chinese: 夔, romanized Kuí
  16. ↑ Simplified Chinese: 箫韶九成, Traditional Chinese: 簫韶九成, romanized xiāo sháo jiǔ chéng
  17. ↑ Chinese: 光武, romanized Guāngwǔ
  18. ↑ Simplified Chinese: 窦鸣犊, Traditional Chinese: 竇鳴犢, romanized Dòu Míngdù
  19. ↑ Simplified Chinese: 舜华, Traditional Chinese: 舜華, romanized Shùn Huá
  20. ↑ Simplified Chinese: 子贡, Traditional Chinese: 子貢, romanized Zǐ Gòng
  21. ↑ Simplified Chinese: 说苑, Traditional Chinese: 說苑, romanized Shuō Yuàn
  22. ↑ Simplified Chinese: 天老, Traditional Chinese: 天老, romanized Tiānlǎo
  23. ↑ Simplified Chinese: 发明, Traditional Chinese: 發明, romanized fāmíng
  24. ↑ Simplified Chinese: 保长, Traditional Chinese: 保長, romanized bǎozhǎng
  25. ↑ Simplified Chinese: 上翔, Traditional Chinese: 上翔, romanized shàngxiáng
  26. ↑ Simplified Chinese: 归昌, Traditional Chinese: 歸昌, romanized guīchāng

References

  1. ↑ Zhang,Q. 2017. Phoenix leaves mark on culture. Shanghai Daily. https://archive.shine.cn/sunday/now-and-then/Phoenix-leaves-mark-on-culture/shdaily.shtml
  2. ↑ 宋·李昉等《太平御览》九百一十五卷引《唐书》：“海州言凤见于城上，群鸟数百随之，东北飞向苍梧山。”
  3. ↑ 《爾雅·釋鳥》：「雞頭、燕頷、蛇頸、龜背、魚尾、五彩色，高六尺許」。「出于東方君子之國，翺翔四海之外，過昆倫，飲砥柱，濯羽弱水，莫宿風穴，見則天下安甯。」。
  4. ↑ Zhongquan, Miao, ed. 2018. 山海经 [Shānhǎijīng]. Simplified Chinese ed. Shenyang: 万卷出版公司 [Wanjuan Publishing Company].
  5. ↑ 汉·司马迁·《史记》于是夔行乐，祖考至，群后相让，鸟兽翔舞，箫韶九成，凤皇来仪，百兽率舞，百官信谐。帝用此作歌曰：“陟天之命，维时维几。”乃歌曰：“股肱喜哉，元首起哉，百工熙哉！”皋陶拜手稽首扬言曰：“念哉，率为兴事，慎乃宪，敬哉！”乃更为歌曰：“元首明哉，股肱良哉，庶事康哉！”（舜）又歌曰：“元首丛脞哉，股肱惰哉，万事堕哉！”帝拜曰：“然，往钦哉！”于是天下皆宗禹之明度数声乐，为山川神主。
  6. ↑ 《尚书》：夔曰：“戛击鸣球、搏拊、琴、瑟、以咏。”祖考来格，虞宾在位，群后德让。下管鼗鼓，合止柷敔，笙镛以闲。鸟兽跄跄；《箫韶》九成，凤皇来仪。夔曰：“于！予击石拊石，百兽率舞，庶尹允谐。”
  7. ↑ 《论衡》“感于龙”，“梦与神遇”，犹此率也。尧、高祖之母，适欲怀妊，遭逢雷龙载云雨而行，人见其形，遂谓之然。梦与神遇，得圣子之象也。梦见鬼合之，非梦与神遇乎？安得其实？“野出感龙”，及“蛟龙居上”，或尧、高祖受富贵之命，龙为吉物，遭加其上，吉祥之瑞、受命之证也。光武皇帝产于济阳宫，凤凰集于地，嘉禾生于屋。圣人之生，奇鸟吉物之为瑞应。必以奇吉之物见而子生，谓之物之子，是则光武皇帝嘉禾之精，凤皇之气欤？https://ctext.org/lunheng/qi-guai/ens?searchu=%E7%9A%87%E5%B8%9D%20%E5%87%A4%E5%87%B0&searchmode=showall#result
  8. ↑ Sima, Q. (An, P. Q, Yang, X.Y, & Yang, G. Transl.) 史记选 [Selected Records of the Historian], vol. I. 外文出版社[Foreign Languages Press]. ISBN: 978-7-119-05090-4. pp. 246-249.
  9. ↑ 《说苑|辨物》：凡六经帝王之所著，莫不致四灵焉；德盛则以为畜，治平则时气至矣。故麒麟麇身、牛尾，圆顶一角，合仁怀义，音中律吕，行步中规，折旋中矩，择土而践，位平然后处，不群居，不旅行，纷兮其有质文也，幽闲则循循如也，动则有仪容。黄帝即位，惟圣恩承天，明道一修，惟仁是行，宇内和平，未见凤凰，维思影像，夙夜晨兴，于是乃问天老曰：“凤仪如何？”天老曰：“夫凤，鸿前麟后，蛇颈鱼尾，鹤植鸳鸯，思丽化枯折所志，龙文龟身，燕喙鸡噣，骈翼而中注，首戴德，顶揭义，背负仁，心信志，食则有质，饮则有仪，往则有文，来则有嘉。晨鸣曰发明，昼鸣曰保长，飞鸣曰上翔，集鸣曰归昌。翼挟义，衷抱忠，足履正，尾系武，小声合金，大音合鼓；延颈奋翼，五先备举，光兴八风，气降时雨，此谓凤像。夫惟凤为能究万物，通天祉，象百状，达于道。去则有灾，见则有福，览九州，观八极，备文武，正王国，严照四方，仁圣皆伏。故得凤之像一者凤过之，得二者凤下之，得三者春秋下之，得四者四时下之，得五者终身居之。”黄帝曰：“于戏盛哉！”于是乃备黄冕，带黄绅，斋于中宫，凤乃蔽日而降。黄帝降至东阶，西面启首曰：“皇天降兹，敢不承命？”于是凤乃遂集东囿，食帝竹实，栖帝梧树，终身不去。《诗》云：“凤凰鸣矣，于彼高冈；梧桐生矣，于彼朝阳。菶菶萋萋，雍雍喈喈。”此之谓也。灵龟文五色，似玉似金，背阴向阳，上隆象天，下平法地，盘衍象山，四趾转运应四时，文著象二十八宿。蛇头龙翅，左精象日，右精象月，千岁之化，下气上通，能知吉凶存亡之变。宁则信信如也，动则著矣。神龙能为高，能为下，能为大，能为小，能为幽，能为明，能为短，能为长。昭乎其高也，渊乎其下也，薄乎天光，高乎其著也。一有一亡忽微哉，斐然成章，虚无则精以知，动作者灵以化。于戏允哉！君子辟神也，观彼威仪，游燕幽间，有似凤也。《书》曰：“鸟兽鶬鶬，凤凰来仪。”此之谓也。https://ctext.org/shuo-yuan/bian-wu/ens
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